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Water temperatures around the Mentawai Islands dropped about 4 °C during the height of a positive phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole in November 1997. During these events unusually strong winds from the east push warm surface water towards Africa, allowing cold water to upwell along the Sumatran coast. In this image blue areas are cooler than ...
The Indian Ocean is the warmest ocean in the world. [25] Long-term ocean temperature records show a rapid, continuous warming in the Indian Ocean, at about 1.2 °C (34.2 °F) (compared to 0.7 °C (33.3 °F) for the warm pool region) during 1901–2012. [26]
(a)Regressed SIOD Index on detrended Sea Surface Temperature (SST) (1958-2007). The western and eastern box used to calculate SIOD Index are indicated. Water temperatures in the southwestern Southern Indian Ocean are significantly higher than water temperature in the eastern part of South Indian Ocean, off Australia.
Sea surface temperature (SST), or ocean surface temperature, is the water temperature close to the ocean's surface. The exact meaning of surface varies according to the measurement method used, but it is between 1 millimetre (0.04 in) and 20 metres (70 ft) below the sea surface.
10 Sv of this is relatively warm, salty thermocline water, with the remaining 5 Sv being cold, low salinity Antarctic Intermediate Water. Since Indian Ocean water is significantly warmer (24-26 °C) and saltier than South Atlantic water, the Agulhas Leakage is a significant source of salt and heat for the South Atlantic Gyre.
Graph showing ocean temperature versus depth on the vertical axis. The graph shows several thermoclines (or thermal layers) based on seasons and latitude. The temperature at zero depth is the sea surface temperature. The ocean temperature plays a crucial role in the global climate system, ocean currents and for marine habitats.
For example, an increase in the frequency and magnitude of El Niño events have triggered warmer than usual temperatures over the Indian Ocean, by modulating the Walker circulation. [134] This has resulted in a rapid warming of the Indian Ocean, and consequently a weakening of the Asian Monsoon. [135
Land surface temperatures have increased faster than ocean temperatures as the ocean absorbs about 92% of excess heat generated by climate change. [10] Chart with data from NASA [11] showing how land and sea surface air temperatures have changed vs a pre-industrial baseline.