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Biological substances can experience leaching themselves, [2] as well as be used for leaching as part of the solvent substance to recover heavy metals. [6] Many plants experience leaching of phenolics, carbohydrates, and amino acids, and can experience as much as 30% mass loss from leaching, [5] just from sources of water such as rain, dew, mist, and fog. [2]
Decoction involves first drying the plant material; then mashing, slicing, or cutting the material to allow for maximum dissolution; and finally boiling in water to extract oils, volatile organic compounds and other various chemical substances. [1] Occasionally, aqueous ethanol or glycerol may be used instead of water. [2]
A Soxhlet extractor is a piece of laboratory apparatus [1] invented in 1879 by Franz von Soxhlet. [2] It was originally designed for the extraction of a lipid from a solid material. Typically, Soxhlet extraction is used when the desired compound has a limited solubility in a solvent, and the impurity is insoluble in that solvent. It allows for ...
In the pharmaceutical industry, drug dissolution testing is routinely used to provide critical in vitro drug release information for both quality control purposes, i.e., to assess batch-to-batch consistency of solid oral dosage forms such as tablets, and drug development, i.e., to predict in vivo drug release profiles. [1]
One way to gain temporal control over the formation and dissolution of biomolecular condensates is by using optogenetic tools. Several different systems have been developed which allow for control of condensate formation and dissolution which rely on chimeric protein expression , and light or small molecule activation. [ 88 ]
Sonication can be used for the production of nanoparticles, such as nanoemulsions, [5] nanocrystals, liposomes and wax emulsions, as well as for wastewater purification, degassing, extraction of seaweed polysaccharides [1] and plant oil, extraction of anthocyanins and antioxidants, [6] production of biofuels, crude oil desulphurization, cell disruption, polymer and epoxy processing, adhesive ...
An alkaline hydrolysis disposal system at the Biosecurity Research Institute inside of Pat Roberts Hall at Kansas State University. Alkaline hydrolysis (also called biocremation, resomation, [1] [2] flameless cremation, [3] aquamation [4] or water cremation [5]) is a process for the disposal of human and pet remains using lye and heat; it is alternative to burial, cremation, or sky burial.
Vacuum distillation is often used in large industrial plants as an efficient way to remove salt from ocean water, in order to produce fresh water. This is known as desalination . The ocean water is placed under a vacuum to lower its boiling point and has a heat source applied, allowing the fresh water to boil off and be condensed.