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Opiliones (commonly known as harvestmen) are an order of arachnids and share many common characteristics with other arachnids. However, several differences separate harvestmen from other arachnid orders such as spiders. The bodies of opiliones are divided into two tagmata (arthropod body regions): the abdomen (opisthosoma) and the cephalothorax
The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids, colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. As of July 2024 [update] , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] although the total number of extant species may exceed 10,000. [ 4 ]
Arachnids are arthropods in the class Arachnida (/ ə ˈ r æ k n ɪ d ə /) of the subphylum Chelicerata. Arachnida includes, among others, spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, pseudoscorpions, harvestmen, camel spiders, whip spiders and vinegaroons. [2] Adult arachnids have eight legs attached to the cephalothorax.
It is the only supra-ordinal group of arachnids that is strongly supported in molecular phylogenetic studies. [1] Two extinct orders are also placed in this clade, Haptopoda and Uraraneida. [2] In 2016, a newly described fossil arachnid, Idmonarachne, was also included in the Tetrapulmonata; as of March 2016 it has not been assigned to an order.
Opiliones' own divergence is dated to 414 million years ago, which arachnid are estimated to have originated during the late Cambrian to early Ordivician. [ 10 ] Genetic analysis performed on a modern Phalangium opilio specimen found that a suppressed gene that, if active, would generate a second pair of eyes at the lateral location, providing ...
A 2014 study placed the Uraraneida in the Tetrapulmonata, a clade of arachnids defined by the apomorphy (derived feature) of two pairs of book lungs. The Tetrapulmonata divide into two main clades, one of which, Serikodiastida (Greek for "silk workers"), unites Uraraneida and Araneae (spiders), groups that share the ability to produce and use silk.
Paintings of Araneus angulatus from Svenska Spindlar of 1757, the first major work on spider taxonomy. Spider taxonomy is the part of taxonomy that is concerned with the science of naming, defining and classifying all spiders, members of the Araneae order of the arthropod class Arachnida, which has more than 48,500 described species. [1]
It is uncertain whether Parasitiformes and Acariformes are closely related, and in many analyses they are recovered more closely related to other arachnids. [ 3 ] [ 12 ] Amongst the best known members of the group are the ticks , though the Mesostigmata is by far the most diverse group with over 8,000 described species, including economically ...