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A frugal number has more digits than the number of digits in its prime factorization (when written like the tables below with multiplicities above 1 as exponents). The first in decimal : 125, 128, 243, 256, 343, 512, 625, 729, 1024, 1029, 1215, 1250 (sequence A046759 in the OEIS ).
The number of distinct prime factors of a pronic number is the sum of the number of distinct prime factors of n and n + 1. If 25 is appended to the decimal representation of any pronic number, the result is a square number, the square of a number ending on 5; for example, 625 = 25 2 and 1225 = 35 2. This is so because
The factorizations are often not unique in the sense that the unit could be absorbed into any other factor with exponent equal to one. The entry 4+2i = −i(1+i) 2 (2+i), for example, could also be written as 4+2i= (1+i) 2 (1−2i). The entries in the table resolve this ambiguity by the following convention: the factors are primes in the right ...
625 = 25 2 = 5 4, sum of seven consecutive primes (73 + 79 + 83 + 89 + 97 + 101 + 103), centered octagonal number, [19] 1-automorphic number, Friedman number since 625 = 5 6−2, [20] one of the two three-digit numbers when squared or raised to a higher power that end in the same three digits, the other being 376
Continuing this process until every factor is prime is called prime factorization; the result is always unique up to the order of the factors by the prime factorization theorem. To factorize a small integer n using mental or pen-and-paper arithmetic, the simplest method is trial division : checking if the number is divisible by prime numbers 2 ...
While Euclid took the first step on the way to the existence of prime factorization, Kamāl al-Dīn al-Fārisī took the final step [8] and stated for the first time the fundamental theorem of arithmetic. [9] Article 16 of Gauss's Disquisitiones Arithmeticae is an early modern statement and proof employing modular arithmetic. [1]
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In number theory, the prime omega functions and () count the number of prime factors of a natural number . Thereby (little omega) counts each distinct prime factor, whereas the related function () (big omega) counts the total number of prime factors of , honoring their multiplicity (see arithmetic function).