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Suppose you have two objects, one heavier (b) than the other (a). Suppose the heavier object falls faster. When you put the lighter object under the heavier object (c), the lighter object should slow down the heavier object. On the other hand gluing together both objects results in an heavier object (c), which should fall even faster than (b).
Galileo's thought experiment concerned the outcome (c) of attaching a small stone (a) to a larger one (b) Galileo set out his ideas about falling bodies, and about projectiles in general, in his book Two New Sciences (1638). The two sciences were the science of motion, which became the foundation-stone of physics, and the science of materials ...
The experiments on falling bodies (actually rolling balls) were replicated using the methods described by Galileo, [21] and the precision of the results was consistent with Galileo's report. Later research into Galileo's unpublished working papers from 1604 clearly showed the reality of the experiments and even indicated the particular results ...
Previously, most scientists had used distance to describe falling bodies, applying geometry, which had been used and trusted since Euclid. [12] Galileo himself used geometrical methods to express his results. Galileo's successes were aided by the development of a new mathematics as well as cleverly designed experiments and equipment.
For astronomical bodies other than Earth, and for short distances of fall at other than "ground" level, g in the above equations may be replaced by (+) where G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the astronomical body, m is the mass of the falling body, and r is the radius from the falling object to the center of the astronomical body.
Galileo's ship refers to two physics experiments, a thought experiment and an actual experiment, by Galileo Galilei, the 16th- and 17th-century physicist and astronomer. The experiments were created to argue the idea of a rotating Earth as opposed to a stationary Earth around which rotated the Sun , planets, and stars.
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Wallace, W. A. (2004a). "The enigma of Domingo de Soto: Uniformiter difformis and falling bodies in late medieval physics". In Wallace, W. A. (ed.). Domingo de Soto and the early Galileo: Essays on intellectual history. Routledge. (Reprinted from "The enigma of Domingo de Soto: Uniformiter difformis and falling bodies in late medieval physics ...