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Platinum is a chemical element; it has symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name originates from Spanish platina, a diminutive of plata "silver". [7] [8] Platinum is a member of the platinum group of elements and group 10 of the periodic table of ...
Platinum melts at 1768 °C (3215 °F), even higher than iron. [21] Native South Americans worked with it instead by sintering: they combined gold and platinum powders, until the alloy became soft enough to shape with tools. [25] [26]
In 1840, he enclosed a platinum coil in a vacuum tube and passed an electric current through it, [8] thus creating one of the world's first electric light bulbs. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The design was based on the concept that the high melting point of platinum would allow it to operate at high temperatures and that the evacuated chamber would contain ...
Tennant had been working on samples of South American platinum in parallel with Wollaston and discovered two new elements, which he named osmium and iridium, and published the iridium results in 1804. [115] Collet-Descotils also found iridium the same year, but not osmium. [85] 45 Rhodium: 1804 H. Wollaston: 1804 H. Wollaston
An image from John Dalton's A New System of Chemical Philosophy, the first modern explanation of atomic theory.. This timeline of chemistry lists important works, discoveries, ideas, inventions, and experiments that significantly changed humanity's understanding of the modern science known as chemistry, defined as the scientific study of the composition of matter and of its interactions.
By the 6th century: Incense clock in China. [319] [320] After 500: Charkha (spinning wheel/cotton gin) invented in India (probably during the Vakataka dynasty of Maharashtra, India), between 500 and 1000 A.D. [321] 563: Pendentive dome (Hagia Sophia) in Constantinople, Eastern Roman Empire [322] 577: Sulfur matches exist in China.
1450s – Cristallo, a clear soda-based glass, is invented by Angelo Barovier; 1540 – Vannoccio Biringuccio publishes first systematic book on metallurgy; 1556 – Georg Agricola's influential book on metallurgy; 1590 – Glass lenses are developed in the Netherlands and used for the first time in microscopes and telescopes
Engineers during World War Two test a model of a Halifax bomber in a wind tunnel, an invention that dates back to 1871.. The following is a list and timeline of innovations as well as inventions and discoveries that involved British people or the United Kingdom including the predecessor states before the Treaty of Union in 1707, the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland.