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Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis is an enthesopathy (attachment point disease) of the origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis on the lateral epicondyle. [1] [5] It causes pain and tenderness over the bony part of the lateral epicondyle. Symptoms range from mild tenderness to severe, persistent pain.
Palpating the medial and lateral epicondyles to assess for pain or tenderness can help determine whether the epicondylitis is medial or lateral, and what muscle group is overused. A common diagnostic test utilized for lateral epicondylitis is to assess resisted wrist extension, along with resistance to the middle finger.
A common injury associated with the lateral epicondyle of the humerus is lateral epicondylitis also known as tennis elbow. Repetitive overuse of the forearm, as seen in tennis or other sports, can result in inflammation of "the tendons that join the forearm muscles on the outside of the elbow.
Lateral elbow pain can be caused by various pathologies of the common extensor tendon. [3] Overuse injuries can lead to inflammation. [4] [5] Tennis elbow is a common issue with the common extensor tendon. [6] [4] [7]
Coloured in purple: the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis muscle. Lateral epicondylitis is an overuse injury that frequently occurs in tennis. It is also known as tennis elbow. This injury categorizes as a tendon injury where it occurs in the forearm muscle called the extensor carpi radialis brevis . [4]
Golfer's elbow, or medial epicondylitis, is tendinosis (or more precisely enthesopathy) of the medial common flexor tendon on the inside of the elbow. [1] It is similar to tennis elbow , which affects the outside of the elbow at the lateral epicondyle.
The lateral epicondyle of the femur, smaller and less prominent than the medial epicondyle, gives attachment to the fibular collateral ligament of the knee-joint. Directly below it is a small depression from which a smooth well-marked groove curves obliquely upward and backward to the posterior extremity of the condyle .
The tests differ in the rotation of the arm; in the empty can test, the arm is rotated to full internal rotation (thumb down) and in the full can test, the arm is rotated to 45° external rotation, thumb up. [1] Once rotated, the clinician pushes down on either the wrists or the elbow, and the patient is instructed to resist the downward pressure.