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In crystallography, atomic packing factor (APF), packing efficiency, or packing fraction is the fraction of volume in a crystal structure that is occupied by constituent particles. It is a dimensionless quantity and always less than unity. In atomic systems, by convention, the APF is determined by assuming that atoms are rigid spheres. The ...
A network model of a primitive cubic system The primitive and cubic close-packed (also known as face-centered cubic) unit cells In crystallography , the cubic (or isometric ) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube .
The unit cell is defined as the smallest repeating unit having the full symmetry of the crystal structure. [2] The geometry of the unit cell is defined as a parallelepiped , providing six lattice parameters taken as the lengths of the cell edges ( a , b , c ) and the angles between them (α, β, γ).
Hydrolysis occurs only slowly in water forming arsenic trioxide and hydroiodic acid.The reaction proceeds via formation of arsenous acid which exists in equilibrium with hydroiodic acid.
The model shown to the left represents a ball-and-stick model of proline. The balls have colours: black represents carbon (C); red, oxygen (O); blue, nitrogen (N); and white, hydrogen (H). Each ball is drilled with as many holes as its conventional valence (C: 4; N: 3; O: 2; H: 1) directed towards the vertices of a tetrahedron. Single bonds are ...
The most basic model for polymer crystallization kinetics comes from Hoffman nucleation theory. The crystallization process of polymers does not always obey simple chemical rate equations . Polymers can crystallize through a variety of different regimes and unlike simple molecules, the polymer crystal lamellae have two very different surfaces.
A mnemonic is a memory aid used to improve long-term memory and make the process of consolidation easier. Many chemistry aspects, rules, names of compounds, sequences of elements, their reactivity, etc., can be easily and efficiently memorized with the help of mnemonics.
Self-assembly is a process in which a disordered system of pre-existing components forms an organized structure or pattern as a consequence of specific, local interactions among the components themselves, without external direction.