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The main difference between System V shared memory (shmem) and memory mapped I/O (mmap) is that System V shared memory is persistent: unless explicitly removed by a process, it is kept in memory and remains available until the system is shut down. mmap'd memory is not persistent between application executions (unless it is backed by a file).
The Laboratory's Odyssey project created a geographic information system that served as a milestone in the development of integrated mapping systems. [2] The Laboratory influenced numerous computer graphic, mapping and architectural systems such as Intergraph , Computervision , and Esri .
Memory-mapped I/O is preferred in IA-32 and x86-64 based architectures because the instructions that perform port-based I/O are limited to one register: EAX, AX, and AL are the only registers that data can be moved into or out of, and either a byte-sized immediate value in the instruction or a value in register DX determines which port is the source or destination port of the transfer.
A memory-mapped file is a segment of virtual memory [1] that has been assigned a direct byte-for-byte correlation with some portion of a file or file-like resource. This resource is typically a file that is physically present on disk, but can also be a device, shared memory object, or other resource that an operating system can reference through a file descriptor.
The 16 Divisions of construction, as defined by the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI)'s MasterFormat, is the most widely used standard for organizing specifications and other written information for commercial and institutional building projects in the U.S. and Canada.
The Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) is a United States national association of more than 6,000 construction industry professionals who are experts in building construction and the materials used therein. The institute is dedicated to improving the communication of construction information through a diversified membership base of ...
Facility Construction Subgroup. Division 02 — Existing Conditions; Division 03 — Concrete; Division 04 — Masonry; Division 05 — Metals; Division 06 — Wood, Plastics, and Composites; Division 07 — Thermal and Moisture Protection; Division 08 — Openings; Division 09 — Finishes; Division 10 — Specialties; Division 11 — Equipment
They form a key concept and technique within the fields of software diagnosis. They also have applications in software mining and software analytics. Software maps have been extensively developed and researched by, e.g., at the Hasso Plattner Institute for IT systems engineering, in particular for large-scale, complex IT systems and applications.