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Process safety management (PSM) is a practice to manage business operations critical to process safety. It can be implemented using the established OSHA scheme [1] or others made available by the EPA, [2] AIChE's Center for Chemical Process Safety, [3] or the Energy Institute. [4] PSM schemes are organized in 'elements'.
Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals is a regulation promulgated by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). [1] It defines and regulates a process safety management (PSM) program for plants using, storing, manufacturing, handling or carrying out on-site movement of hazardous materials above defined amount thresholds.
Process safety is an interdisciplinary engineering domain focusing on the study, prevention, and management of large-scale fires, explosions and chemical accidents (such as toxic gas clouds) in process plants or other facilities dealing with hazardous materials, such as refineries and oil and gas (onshore and offshore) production installations ...
The HAZOP technique was initially developed for systems involving the treatment of a fluid medium or other material flow in the process industries, where it is now a major element of process safety management. It was later expanded to the analysis of batch reactions and process plant operational procedures.
Hazard control methods at the top of the graphic are potentially more effective and protective than those at the bottom. Following this hierarchy of controls normally leads to the implementation of inherently safer systems, where the risk of illness or injury has been substantially reduced.
It is one of the elements of OSHA's program for Process Safety Management. There are several methodologies that can be used to conduct a PHA, including checklists , hazard identification (HAZID) reviews, what-if reviews and SWIFT , hazard and operability studies (HAZOP), failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), etc. PHA methods are qualitative ...
Permit-to-work adherence is essential in process safety management. Examples of high-risk jobs where a written permit-to-work procedure may need to be used include hot work (such as welding), confined space entry , cutting into pipes carrying hazardous substances (breaking containment), diving in the vicinity of intake openings, and work that ...
Safety engineering is an engineering discipline which assures that engineered systems provide acceptable levels of safety. It is strongly related to industrial engineering/systems engineering, and the subset system safety engineering. Safety engineering assures that a life-critical system behaves as needed, even when components fail.