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  2. Exon shuffling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exon_shuffling

    Exon shuffling is a molecular mechanism for the formation of new genes. It is a process through which two or more exons from different genes can be brought together ectopically, or the same exon can be duplicated, to create a new exon-intron structure. [1]

  3. Alternative splicing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_splicing

    This mechanism is an example of exon definition in splicing. A spliceosome assembles on an intron, and the snRNP subunits fold the RNA so that the 5' and 3' ends of the intron are joined. However, recently studied examples such as this one show that there are also interactions between the ends of the exon.

  4. Exon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exon

    Across all eukaryotic genes in GenBank, there were (in 2002), on average, 5.48 exons per protein coding gene. The average exon encoded 30-36 amino acids. [7] While the longest exon in the human genome is 11555 bp long, several exons have been found to be only 2 bp long. [8] A single-nucleotide exon has been reported from the Arabidopsis genome. [9]

  5. RNA splicing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_splicing

    The U1 snRNP is released, U5 shifts from exon to intron, and the U6 binds at the 5' splice site; Complex C (catalytic spliceosome) U4 is released, U6/U2 catalyzes transesterification, making the 5'-end of the intron ligate to the A on intron and form a lariat, U5 binds exon at 3' splice site, and the 5' site is cleaved, resulting in the ...

  6. Intron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intron

    The word intron is derived from the term intragenic region, i.e., a region inside a gene. [1] The term intron refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene and the corresponding RNA sequence in RNA transcripts. [2] The non-intron sequences that become joined by this RNA processing to form the mature RNA are called exons. [3]

  7. Exon trapping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exon_trapping

    The genomic fragment is inserted into the intron of a 'splicing vector' consisting of a known exon - intron - exon sequence of DNA, and the vector is then inserted into an eukaryotic cell. If the fragment does not contain exons (i.e., consists solely of intron DNA), it will be spliced out together with the vector's original intron.

  8. DNA annotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_annotation

    Visualization of annotations in a genome browser requires a descriptive output file, which should describe the intron-exon structures of each annotation, their start and stop codons, UTRs and alternative transcripts, and ideally should include information about the sequence alignments and gene predictions that support each gene model.

  9. Splice site mutation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splice_site_mutation

    The mutation must occur at the specific site at which intron splicing occurs: within non-coding sites in a gene, directly next to the location of the exon. The mutation can be an insertion, deletion, frameshift, etc. The splicing process itself is controlled by the given sequences, known as splice-donor and splice-acceptor sequences, which ...