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A uniform resource locator (URL), colloquially known as an address on the Web, [1] is a reference to a resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it. A URL is a specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), [2] [3] although many people use the two terms interchangeably.
Absolute URLs are URLs that start with a scheme [5] (e.g., http:, https:, telnet:, mailto:) [6] and conform to scheme-specific syntax and semantics. For example, the HTTP scheme-specific syntax and semantics for HTTP URLs requires a "host" (web server address) and "absolute path", with optional components of "port" and "query".
In December 1994, RFC 1738 formally defined relative and absolute URLs, refined the general URL syntax, defined how to resolve relative URLs to absolute form, and better enumerated the URL schemes then in use. [9] The agreed definition and syntax of URNs had to wait until the publication of IETF RFC 2141 [10] in May 1997.
Because protocol relative is relative to the site where the URL is linked from, all protocol relative URLs on Wikipedia will render as HTTPS. This means protocol relative links should no longer be used on Wikipedia, and existing protocol relative links should be converted to either the HTTP or HTTPS scheme. Existing protocol relative links ...
URL scheme used by Apple's internal issue-tracking system Apple (not public) rdar:// issue number example: rdar://10198949. Allows employees to link to internally-tracked issues from anywhere. Example of a private scheme which has leaked in to the public space and is widely seen on the internet, but can only be resolved by Apple employees. s3
These external relationships are expressed using URIs, typically as URLs. However absolute URLs only work when the network can reach them. Relying on remote resources makes XML processing susceptible to both planned and unplanned network downtime. Relative URLs are only useful in the context where they were initially created.
Microsoft .NET (for example, the method new Uri(path)) generally uses the 2-slash form; Java (for example, the method new URI(path)) generally uses the 4-slash form. Either form allows the most common operations on URIs (resolving relative URIs, and dereferencing to obtain a connection to the remote file) to be used successfully.
For example, to append action=edit to a URL query string you could use [{{fullurl:Help:Link|action=history}} this page's history], which renders as this page's history. Note that this will render as an external link rather than as an internal link and for this reason it might not appear in what-links-here queries associated with the target page.