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SCIB1 is a genetically-engineered cancer vaccine being developed by Scancell Holdings Plc as a treatment for melanoma. [1] SCIB1 is a plasmid DNA which encodes a human antibody molecule engineered to express two cytotoxic T cell epitopes derived from the melanoma antigens Tyrosinase-Related Protein 2 (TRP2) and gp100 plus two helper T cell epitopes.
A DNA vaccine is a type of vaccine that transfects a specific antigen-coding DNA sequence into the cells of an organism as a mechanism to induce an immune response. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
In 1995, Robert Conry and colleagues described that a humoral immune response was also elicited after vaccination with an RNA vaccine. [13] [11] While DNA vaccines were more frequently researched in the early years due to their ease of production, low cost, and high stability to degrading enzymes, but sometimes produced low vaccine responses ...
The production of vaccines tailored to match a person's individual constellation of cancer mutations has become a new field of research. [ 3 ] The concept of individualized cancer immunotherapy aims to identify individual mutations in the tumor of a patient, that are crucial for the proliferation, survival or metastasis of tumor cells. [ 2 ]
A cancer vaccine, or oncovaccine, is a vaccine that either treats existing cancer or prevents development of cancer. [1] Vaccines that treat existing cancer are known as therapeutic cancer vaccines or tumor antigen vaccines. Some of the vaccines are "autologous", being prepared from samples taken from the patient, and are specific to that patient.
The duo have partnered since 2016 with a focus on cancer, where Merck is a dominant player for therapies, but the Phase 2 results are the first promising for a any cancer vaccine.
Data from 22 patients who received the vaccine, mRNA-4157, in combination with Keytruda was reported at the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting at San Diego on Monday.
This vaccine is less effective, however. [35] [16] Other possible uses of modRNA include the regeneration of damaged heart muscle tissue, [36] [37] an enzyme-replacement tool [38] and cancer therapy. [39] [40]