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This list of deepest caves includes the deepest known natural caves according to maximum surveyed depth as of 2024. The depth value is measured from the highest to the lowest accessible cave point. The depth value is measured from the highest to the lowest accessible cave point.
Plutomurus ortobalaganensis is the deepest terrestrial animal ever found on Earth, living at 1,980 metres (6,500 ft) below a cave entrance. [1] [2] It is a species of springtail endemic to the Krubera-Voronja cave system in Abkhazia, Georgia. It was discovered in the CAVEX Team expedition of 2010. [3]
Stratigraphic barriers, such as rock walls and layers, and fluvial barriers, such as rivers and streams, prevent or hinder the dispersal of these animals. [14] Consequently, subterranean fauna habitat and food availability can be very disjunct and precludes the great range of observed diversity across landscapes.
Caves are found around the world. The largest form in areas of karst landforms whose rocks dissolve easily. Preferable conditions for karst cave formation are adequate precipitation, enough plants and animals to produce ample carbon dioxide, and a landscape of gentle hills which drains slowly.
This list of deepest mines includes operational and non-operational mines that are at least 2,224 m (7,297 ft), which is the depth of Krubera Cave, the deepest known natural cave in the world. The depth measurements in this list represent the difference in elevation from the entrance of the mine to the deepest excavated point.
Scientists using an ocean drilling vessel have dug the deepest hole ever in rock from Earth's mantle - penetrating 4,160 feet (1,268 meters) below the Atlantic seabed - and obtained a large sample ...
A troglobite (or, formally, troglobiont) is an animal species, or population of a species, strictly bound to underground habitats, such as caves.These are separate from species that mainly live in above-ground habitats but are also able to live underground (eutroglophiles), and species that are only cave visitors (subtroglophiles and trogloxenes). [1]
Over 1.5 million living animal species have been described—of which around 1 million are insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million in total. Animals range in size from 8.5 millionths of a metre to 33.6 metres (110 ft) long and have complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs .