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Kinetic diameter is a measure applied to atoms and molecules that expresses the likelihood that a molecule in a gas will collide with another molecule. It is an indication of the size of the molecule as a target.
Figure 2 is an example of a generalized compressibility factor graph derived from hundreds of experimental PVT data points of 10 pure gases, namely methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, n-butane, i-pentane, n-hexane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and steam.
Carbon dioxide: 3.640 0.04267 Carbon disulfide: 11.77 0.07685 Carbon monoxide: ... Nitrogen: 1.370 0.0387 Nitrogen dioxide: 5.354 0.04424 Nitrogen trifluoride [2] 3.58
The most common purge gases commercially available in large quantities are nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Other inert gases, e.g. argon or helium may be used. Nitrogen and carbon dioxide are unsuitable purge gases in some applications, as these gases may undergo chemical reaction with fine dusts of certain light metals.
Free nitrogen atoms easily react with most elements to form nitrides, and even when two free nitrogen atoms collide to produce an excited N 2 molecule, they may release so much energy on collision with even such stable molecules as carbon dioxide and water to cause homolytic fission into radicals such as CO and O or OH and H. Atomic nitrogen is ...
Frequently used in mixtures with e.g. nitrogen or air. Nitrogen: N 2: 1.15: 28: 1.251 – – not Often used at high pressure. Does not facilitate combustion. Can be used with 10–20% of SF 6 as a lower-cost alternative to SF 6. Can be used standalone or in combination with CO 2. Non-electron attaching, efficient in slowing electrons. Air: 29 ...
Quite often, the flue gas refers to the combustion exhaust gas produced at power plants.Its composition depends on what is being burned, but it will usually consist of mostly nitrogen (typically more than two-thirds) derived from the combustion of air, carbon dioxide (CO 2), and water vapor as well as excess oxygen (also derived from the combustion air).
For carbon dioxide at 400 K, the density increases almost linearly with pressure. Many pressurized gases are actually supercritical fluids. For example, nitrogen has a critical point of 126.2 K (−147 °C) and 3.4 MPa (34 bar). Therefore, nitrogen (or compressed air) in a gas cylinder above this pressure is actually a supercritical fluid.