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HIV can be transmitted from an infected mother to the neonate in three circumstances: across the placenta during pregnancy (in utero), at birth due to fetal contact with infected maternal genital secretions and blood, or postnatally through the breast milk. [8] This type of viral transmission is also known of as vertical transmission.
In two systematic reviews [10] [11] concluded that covid-19 could potentially disrupt the neurodevelopment of the fetus as a consequence of the hyperinflammatory host response elicited by the viral infection through various possible mechanisms. However, it is still a controversial subject due to the complex nature of investigating an ...
various diseases, such as COVID-19, have effects on the development of the nervous system For example, several genes have been identified as being associated with changes in brain structure over lifetime and are potential Alzheimer's disease therapy-targets. [32] [33] psychological events such as mental trauma and resilience-building
Research published Thursday paints a startling picture of the destructive toll COVID-19 can take on pregnant women and their growing fetuses.
Children whose mothers had coronavirus infections during pregnancy were more likely to be diagnosed with neurodevelopmental problems, a study finds. Coronavirus infection during pregnancy linked ...
Zika fever, caused by Zika virus, can cause microcephaly and other brain defects in the child. [11] COVID-19 in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of stillbirth with an odds ratio of approximately 2. [12] Hepatitis B may also be classified as a vertically transmitted infection. The hepatitis B virus is
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are neurological disorders associated with HIV infection and AIDS.It is a syndrome of progressive deterioration of memory, cognition, behavior, and motor function in HIV-infected individuals during the late stages of the disease, when immunodeficiency is severe. [1]
Methylmercury, a worldwide contaminant of seafood and freshwater fish, is known to produce adverse nervous system effects, especially during brain development. Eating fish is the main source of mercury exposure in humans and some fish may contain enough mercury to harm the developing nervous system of an embryo or fetus, sometimes leading to ...