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Thiamazole, also known as methimazole, is a medication used to treat hyperthyroidism. [2] This includes Graves disease , toxic multinodular goiter , and thyrotoxic crisis . [ 2 ] It is taken by mouth. [ 2 ]
A randomized control trial testing single dose treatment for Graves' found methimazole achieved euthyroidism (normal thyroid function that occurs within normal serum levels of TSH and T4 [23]) more effectively after 12 weeks than did propylthiouracil (77.1% on methimazole 15 mg vs 19.4% in the propylthiouracil 150 mg groups). [24]
Often, it starts between the ages of 40 and 60, but can begin at any age. [6] It is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in the United States (about 50 to 80% of cases). [1] [4] The condition is named after Irish surgeon Robert Graves, who described it in 1835. [6] A number of prior descriptions also exist. [6]
Carbimazole is a pro-drug as after absorption it is converted to the active form, methimazole. Methimazole prevents thyroid peroxidase enzyme from iodinating and coupling the tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin, hence reducing the production of the thyroid hormones T 3 and T 4 . It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
[2] [3] It was first used medically in Germany under the brand name "Novalgin", [15] later becoming widely known in Slavic nations and India under the name "Analgin". [ 16 ] [ 17 ] Sale of Metamizole is restricted in some jurisdictions following studies in the 1970s which correlated it to severe adverse effects, including agranulocytosis . [ 18 ]
About one-quarter of U.S. adults over age 50 say they expect to never retire and 70% are concerned about prices rising faster than their income, an AARP survey finds. About 1 in 4 have no ...
Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a medication used to treat hyperthyroidism. [3] This includes hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease and toxic multinodular goiter. [3] In a thyrotoxic crisis it is generally more effective than methimazole. [3]
Polonium in the body has a biological half-life of about 30 to 50 days. Caesium in the body has a biological half-life of about one to four months. Mercury (as methylmercury) in the body has a half-life of about 65 days. Lead in the blood has a half life of 28–36 days. [29] [30] Lead in bone has a biological half-life of about ten years.