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Delirium occurs in 11–51% of older adults after surgery, in 81% of those in the ICU, and in 20–22% of individuals in nursing homes or post-acute care settings. [3] Among those requiring critical care, delirium is a risk factor for death within the next year.
Substance-induced delirium is a type of delirium caused mostly by Anticholinergic drugs and medications. This type of delirium is separate from the delirium in elderly and older people above 65 years of age, and is characterized by shorter duration (usually several hours), and the symptoms are highly influenced by the type of drug and amount consumed.
POCD is common in adult patients of all ages at hospital discharge after major noncardiac surgery, but only the elderly (aged 60 years or older) are at significant risk for long-term cognitive problems. Patients with POCD are at an increased risk of death in the first year after surgery. [9]
Stress, hypometabolism, and oxidative damage may decrease physiologic reserve in the elderly and can lead to a decrease in neuron energy production and an increase in neuron damage. [12] Thioredoxin reductase is an antioxidant that neutralizes oxidative free radicals that can cause cell death. The brain is vulnerable to oxidative free radicals ...
Physical abuse of adult (coded V61.1 in the DSM-IV) V61.12 if by partner (included only in the DSM-IV-TR) V62.83 if by person other than partner (included only in the DSM-IV-TR) ___.__ Sexual abuse of adult (coded V61.1 in the DSM-IV) V61.12 if by partner (included only in the DSM-IV-TR) V62.83 if by person other than partner (included only in ...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and progressively worsens. [2] It is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia. [2] [15] The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events. [1]
It is one of the most common causes of disability among the elderly but can develop before the age of 65 when it is known as early-onset dementia or presenile dementia. [ 281 ] [ 282 ] Less than 1% of those with Alzheimer's have gene mutations that cause a much earlier development of the disease, around the age of 45, known as early-onset ...
Some adults with right hemisphere brain damage may exhibit behavior that includes tangential speech. [4] Those who exhibit these behaviors may also have related symptoms such as seemingly inappropriate or self-centered social responses, and a deterioration in pragmatic abilities (including appropriate eye contact as well as topic maintenance).