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A voxel is a three-dimensional counterpart to a pixel. It represents a value on a regular grid in a three-dimensional space . Voxels are frequently used in the visualization and analysis of medical and scientific data (e.g. geographic information systems (GIS)). [ 1 ]
In computer graphics, a texel, texture element, or texture pixel is the fundamental unit of a texture map. [1] Textures are represented by arrays of texels representing the texture space, just as other images are represented by arrays of pixels. Texels can also be described by image regions that are obtained through simple procedures such as ...
The word pixel is a combination of pix (from "pictures", shortened to "pics") and el (for "element"); similar formations with 'el' include the words voxel [4] ' volume pixel ', and texel ' texture pixel '. [4] The word pix appeared in Variety magazine headlines in 1932, as an abbreviation for the word pictures, in reference to movies. [5]
Usually these are acquired in a regular pattern (e.g., one slice for each millimeter of depth) and usually have a regular number of image pixels in a regular pattern. This is an example of a regular volumetric grid, with each volume element, or voxel represented by a single value that is obtained by sampling the immediate area surrounding the ...
For example, a standard 24 bits per pixel, 1024×768 resolution, flat/2D display requires about 135 MB/s to be sent to the display hardware to sustain 60 frames per second, whereas a 24 bits per voxel, 1024×768×1024 (1024 "pixel layers" in the Z axis) volumetric display would need to send about three orders of magnitude more (135 GB/s) to the ...
8-connected pixels are neighbors to every pixel that touches one of their edges or corners. These pixels are connected horizontally, vertically, and diagonally. In addition to 4-connected pixels, each pixel with coordinates ( x ± 1 , y ± 1 ) {\displaystyle \textstyle (x\pm 1,y\pm 1)} is connected to the pixel at ( x , y ) {\displaystyle ...
This yields the key notion of pixel footprint on surfaces or in the texture space, which is the back projection of the pixel on to the scene. Note that this approach can also represent a lens-based camera and thus depth of field effects, using a cone whose cross-section decreases from the lens size to zero at the focal plane , and then increases.
One of the simpler ways of increasing the size, replacing every pixel with a number of pixels of the same color. The resulting image is larger than the original, and preserves all the original detail, but has (possibly undesirable) jaggedness. The diagonal lines of the "W", for example, now show the "stairway" shape characteristic of nearest ...