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A lamplighter or gaslighter is a person employed to light and maintain street lights. These included candles, oil lamps, and gas lighting. Public street lighting was developed in the 16th century. [1] During this time, lamplighters toured public streets at dusk, lighting outdoor fixtures by means of a wick on a long pole. [2]
A lantern is a source of lighting, often portable. It typically features a protective enclosure for the light source – historically usually a candle, a wick in oil, or a thermoluminescent mesh, and often a battery-powered light in modern times – to make it easier to carry and hang up, and make it more reliable outdoors or in drafty interiors.
The light of the candle flame was often intensified by a reflecting backplate. Using brackets, the candle or gas flame would be kept at safe distance from the wall and ceiling. [3] Modern electric light fixture sconces are often used in hallways or corridors to provide both lighting and a point of interest in a long passage. Sconce height in a ...
The paper protected the flame from the wind. Burning oil in a stone, metal, or ceramic holder, with a wick of cotton or pith, provided the light. They were usually open on the top and bottom, with one side that could be lifted to provide access. [2] Rapeseed oil was popular. Candles were also
Solar street lights are raised light sources which are powered by solar panels generally mounted on the lighting structure or integrated into the pole itself. The solar panels charge a rechargeable battery, which powers a fluorescent or LED lamp during the night.
At the time the UK established candlepower as a unit, the French standard of light was based on the illumination from a Carcel burner, which defined the illumination that emanates from a lamp burning pure colza oil (obtained from the seed of the plant Brassica campestris) at a defined rate. Ten standard candles equaled about one Carcel burner.
The first public demonstration of outdoor electrical lighting in the US was in Cleveland, Ohio, on April 29, 1879. [ 1 ] [ 8 ] Inventor Charles F. Brush had been perfecting the dynamo arc light , which could produce a glow equivalent to 4,000 candles in a single lamp. [ 8 ]
1972 M. George Craford invents the first yellow light-emitting diode. 1972 Herbert Paul Maruska and Jacques Pankove create the first violet light-emitting diode. 1981 Philips sells their first Compact Fluorescent Energy Saving Lamps, with integrated conventional ballast. 1981 Thorn Lighting Group exhibits the ceramic metal-halide lamp.
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