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Intention: intending the action; foreseeing the result; desiring the result: e.g. murder. Knowledge: knowing of the falsity or wrongfulness of one's actions or knowledge of a risk that a prohibited result is likely to occur but proceeding anyway. This also includes wilful blindness in most jurisdictions, and recklessness in some others.
In strict liability situations, although the plaintiff does not have to prove fault, the defendant can raise a defense of absence of fault, especially in cases of product liability, where the defense may argue that the defect was the result of the plaintiff's actions and not of the product, that is, no inference of defect should be drawn solely ...
A person causes a result recklessly if he/she is aware of and disregards a substantial and unjustifiable risk of the result occurring from the action, and; A person causes a result negligently if there is a substantial and unjustifiable risk he/she is unaware of but should be aware of. The first two types of culpability are each a subset of the ...
The proximate cause principle (also called "legal" cause) restricts criminal liability to those cases where a harmful result was a foreseeable result of an act. It is often phrased that the harmful result must be the "natural or probable" consequence of the act. If the result is unusual, abnormal, or unlikely, no liability attaches.
Unconditional intent: a person's expected result from the consequence of their actions. Conditional intent: a person's expected result only when a condition diverts the person from their unconditional intent. For example, a couple is planning to have an outdoor wedding, but also reserve an indoor facility in the unlikely condition of bad weather.
Aggravated Murder consists of purposely causing the death of another (or unlawful termination of a pregnancy) with prior calculation and design, or purposely causing the death of another under the age of 13, a law enforcement officer, or in the course of committing certain serious felony offenses.
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Detinue – An action for the wrongful detention of goods, initiated by an individual who claims to have a greater right to their immediate possession than the current possessor or holder. Replevin – Signifies the recovery by a person of goods unlawfully taken out of his or her possession by a legal process.