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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key protein that is dysregulated by HDAC dysregulation. BDNF is a protein that regulates the structure and function of neuronal synapses. It plays an important role in neuronal activation, synaptic plasticity, and dendritic morphology—all of which are factors that may affect cognitive function.
The total score on the SCAS is interpreted in different ways depending on the child's age and gender. On the child-reported SCAS for boys and girls ages 8–11, a total score of 50 +/− 10 is considered in the average range for anxiety. A T-score of 60 and above is indicative of sub-clinical or elevated levels of anxiety.
The following diagnostic systems and rating scales are used in psychiatry and clinical psychology.This list is by no means exhaustive or complete. For instance, in the category of depression, there are over two dozen depression rating scales that have been developed in the past eighty years.
Benzodiazepines are a group of anti-anxiety medications that make people feel calm, relaxed, or sleepy. [140] They are recommended for short-term treatment of severe anxiety, panic, or insomnia. Some authors believe that the use of benzodiazepines is contraindicated for acute stress, as this group of drugs can cause dissociation. [141]
Parents ratings are converted to a total score and sub-scale scores. The cut-offs for the total score, internalizing problems scale, externalizing problems scale, and attention problems scale are 15, 5, 7, and 7, respectively. As on the PSC, a score above the cutoff is not diagnostic; it indicates only that further evaluation is needed. [10]
The SCARED provides an assessment that detects anxiety disorders in children and differentiates between depression and anxiety and specific anxiety and phobia disorders. [2] The assessment should not be used alone to diagnose a child with an anxiety disorder, however research suggest it is a reliable and useful tool when used along with ...
The majority of items in the K-SADS-PL are scored using a 0–3 point rating scale. Scores of 0 indicate no information is available; scores of 1 suggest the symptom is not present; scores of 2 indicate sub-threshold presentation and scores of 3 indicate threshold presentation of symptoms. The KSADS-PL has six components: [5]
The following cut-offs correlate with level of anxiety severity: Score 0-4: Minimal Anxiety; Score 5-9: Mild Anxiety; Score 10-14: Moderate Anxiety; Score greater than 15: Severe Anxiety; Based on a recent meta-analysis, some experts have recommended considering using a cut-off of 8 in order to optimize sensitivity without compromising ...