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OS-level virtualization is an operating system (OS) virtualization paradigm in which the kernel allows the existence of multiple isolated user space instances, including containers (LXC, Solaris Containers, AIX WPARs, HP-UX SRP Containers, Docker, Podman), zones (Solaris Containers), virtual private servers (), partitions, virtual environments (VEs), virtual kernels (DragonFly BSD), and jails ...
Docker is a set of platform as a service (PaaS) products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called containers. [5] The service has both free and premium tiers. The software that hosts the containers is called Docker Engine. [6] It was first released in 2013 and is developed by Docker, Inc. [7]
This creates a so-called protocol overhead as the additional data does not contribute to the intrinsic meaning of the message. [5] [6] In telephony, number dialing and call set-up time are overheads. In two-way (but half-duplex) radios, the use of "over" and other signaling needed to avoid collisions is an overhead.
XNU ("X is Not Unix") is the computer operating system (OS) kernel developed at Apple Inc. since December 1996 for use in the Mac OS X (now macOS) operating system and released as free and open-source software as part of the Darwin OS, which, in addition to being the basis for macOS, is also the basis for Apple TV Software, iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, visionOS, and tvOS.
Singularity is a free and open-source computer program that performs operating-system-level virtualization also known as containerization. [4]One of the main uses of Singularity is to bring containers and reproducibility to scientific computing and the high-performance computing (HPC) world.
A software based shadow page table is a common solution to reduce translation overhead compared to double translation. Shadow page tables translate guest virtual addresses directly to host physical addresses. Each VM has a separate shadow page table and the hypervisor is in charge of managing them.
Paravirtualization improves performance and efficiency, compared to full virtualization, by having the guest operating system communicate with the hypervisor. By allowing the guest operating system to indicate its intent to the hypervisor, each can cooperate to obtain better performance when running in a virtual machine.
Known free user space on the drive, gaining endurance and performance at the expense of reporting unused portions, or at the expense of current or future capacity. This free space can be identified by the operating system using the TRIM command.