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In 1949 Portugal became a founding member of NATO. President Óscar Carmona died in 1951 after 25 years in office and was succeeded by Francisco Craveiro Lopes . However, Lopes was not willing to give Salazar the free hand that Carmona had given him, and was forced to resign just before the end of his term in 1958.
The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese: Revolução dos Cravos), also known as the 25 April (Portuguese: 25 de Abril), was a military coup by military officers that overthrew the authoritarian Estado Novo government on 25 April 1974 in Lisbon, [2] producing major social, economic, territorial, demographic, and political changes in Portugal and its overseas colonies through the Processo ...
The National Union in Portugal under António de Oliveira Salazar and Marcelo Caetano (1933–1974) Salazar always rejected the label of fascist criticizing the "exaltation of youth, the cult of force through direct action, the principle of the superiority of state political power in social life, [and] the propensity for organising masses ...
Under Salazar (1932–68), Portugal became, at least formally, a corporative state. [1] The new Constitution of 1933 embodied the corporatist theory, under which government was to be formed of economic entities organized according to their function, rather than by individual representation. [1]
Revolution in Portugal became a byword in Europe. The cost of living increased twenty-fivefold, while the currency fell to a 1 ⁄ 33 part of its gold value. Portugal's public finances entered a critical phase, having been under imminent threat of default since at least the 1890s. [28] [29] The gaps between the rich and the poor continued to ...
The Verdinaso movement, too, can be considered fascist. Its leader, Joris Van Severen, was killed before the Nazi occupation. Some of its adepts collaborated, but others joined the resistance. These collaborationist movements are generally classified as belonging to the National Socialist model or the German fascist model because of its brand ...
Government of National Salvation: Yugoslav National Movement: 1941: 1944 Spain * Spanish State: FET y de las JONS: 1936: 1975 Portugal: Second Republic of Portugal: National Union: 1933: 1974 Greece Kingdom of Greece: 4th of August Regime: 1936: 1941 San Marino Most Serene Republic of San Marino: Sammarinese Fascist Party: 1923: 1943 Austria
The joining of the two crowns deprived Portugal of a separate foreign policy, and the enemies of Spain became the enemies of Portugal. England had been an ally of Portugal since the Treaty of Windsor in 1386, but war between Spain and England led to a deterioration of the relations with Portugal's oldest ally and the loss of Hormuz in 1622.