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Some parties, like National Corporate Party in Ireland or Le Faisceau in France existed so briefly that they hardly managed to take part in any type of elections. In some countries fascist parties ignored electoral competition, like British Union of Fascists did in case of the UK elections of 1935.
In 1949 Portugal became a founding member of NATO. President Óscar Carmona died in 1951 after 25 years in office and was succeeded by Francisco Craveiro Lopes . However, Lopes was not willing to give Salazar the free hand that Carmona had given him, and was forced to resign just before the end of his term in 1958.
Revolution in Portugal became a byword in Europe. The cost of living increased twenty-fivefold, while the currency fell to a 1 ⁄ 33 part of its gold value. Portugal's public finances entered a critical phase, having been under imminent threat of default since at least the 1890s. [28] [29] The gaps between the rich and the poor continued to ...
The Carnation Revolution (Portuguese: Revolução dos Cravos), also known as the 25 April (Portuguese: 25 de Abril), was a military coup by military officers that overthrew the authoritarian Estado Novo government on 25 April 1974 in Lisbon, [2] producing major social, economic, territorial, demographic, and political changes in Portugal and its overseas colonies through the Processo ...
The first leader of the National Union was the Interior Minister Colonel Lopes Mateus. The composition of the Central Commission indicated that the party was meant to support the regime rather than militate for it. [30] Salazar became president, and Albino dos Reis, a former member of the Cunha Leal ULR, was nominated Vice President.
The Verdinaso movement, too, can be considered fascist. Its leader, Joris Van Severen, was killed before the Nazi occupation. Some of its adepts collaborated, but others joined the resistance. These collaborationist movements are generally classified as belonging to the National Socialist model or the German fascist model because of its brand ...
The joining of the two crowns deprived Portugal of a separate foreign policy, and the enemies of Spain became the enemies of Portugal. England had been an ally of Portugal since the Treaty of Windsor in 1386, but war between Spain and England led to a deterioration of the relations with Portugal's oldest ally and the loss of Hormuz in 1622.
Under Salazar (1932–68), Portugal became, at least formally, a corporative state. [1] The new Constitution of 1933 embodied the corporatist theory, under which government was to be formed of economic entities organized according to their function, rather than by individual representation. [1]