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In the NO − 3 anion, the oxidation state of the central nitrogen atom is V (+5). This corresponds to the highest possible oxidation number of nitrogen. Nitrate is a potentially powerful oxidizer as evidenced by its explosive behaviour at high temperature when it is detonated in ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3), or black powder, ignited by the shock wave of a primary explosive.
Being the conjugate base of a strong acid (nitric acid, pK a = -1.4), nitrate has modest Lewis basicity.Two coordination modes are common: unidentate and bidentate.Often, bidentate nitrate, denoted κ 2-NO 3, is bound unsymmetrically in the sense that one M-O distance is clearly bonding and the other is more weakly interacting. [2]
Nitrogen trioxide or nitrate radical is an oxide of nitrogen with formula NO 3, consisting of three oxygen atoms covalently bound to a nitrogen atom. This highly unstable blue compound has not been isolated in pure form, but can be generated and observed as a short-lived component of gas, liquid, or solid systems.
Iron(III) nitrate is deliquescent, and it is commonly found as the nonahydrate Fe(NO 3) 3 ·9H 2 O, which forms colourless to pale violet crystals. This compound is the trinitrate salt of the aquo complex [Fe(H 2 O) 6] 3+. [4] Other hydrates Fe(NO 3) 3 ·x H 2 O, include:
The relatively complicated formula - [Cr(H 2 O) 6](NO 3) 3 •3H 2 O - betray a simple structure of this material. The chromium centers are bound to six aquo ligands, and the remaining volume of the solid is occupied by three nitrate anions and three molecules of water of crystallization. [3]
Bismuth(III) nitrate is a salt composed of bismuth in its cationic +3 oxidation state and nitrate anions. The most common solid form is the pentahydrate. [3] It is used in the synthesis of other bismuth compounds. [4] It is available commercially. It is the only nitrate salt formed by a group 15 element, indicative of bismuth's metallic nature. [5]
Thallium(III) nitrate, also known as thallic nitrate, is a thallium compound with chemical formula Tl (NO 3) 3. [1] Normally found as the trihydrate, it is a colorless and highly toxic salt which hydrolyses in water to thallium(III) oxide. [2] It is a strong oxidizing agent useful in organic synthesis.
Lutetium(III) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of lutetium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Lu(NO 3) 3. The compound forms colorless crystals, dissolves in water, and also forms crystalline hydrates. [ 1 ]