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The Philippine peso is derived from the Spanish dollar or pieces of eight brought over in large quantities by the Manila galleons of the 16th to 19th centuries. From the same Spanish peso or dollar is derived the various pesos of Latin America, the dollars of the US and Hong Kong, as well as the Chinese yuan and the Japanese yen.
The Philippine five-peso coin (₱5) is the third-largest denomination of the coins of the Philippine peso.. Three versions of the coin are in circulation, the version from the BSP Series which was issued from 1995 to 2017, the original round coin from the New Generation Currency Coin Series issued from 2017 to 2019 and the nonagonal (9-sided shape) version since 2019.
The Philippine ten-peso coin (₱10) is the second largest denomination coin of the Philippine peso. Two versions of this denomination are in circulation; the bi-metallic coin, first issued in 2000, with the dual profiles of Andrés Bonifacio and Apolinario Mabini on obverse and the 1993 logo of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas on the reverse.
The coins he designed featured Manuel L. Quezon as the Philippines' first Commonwealth President and General Murphy and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. A new design for the reverse based on the seal of the Commonwealth he designed was also introduced on those commemoratives, and featured on all Philippine coins minted from 1937 until 1946.
The 20 peso coin was issued into circulation on December 17, 2019. The coin is bi-metallic, with a bronze-plated steel outer ring and a nickel-plated steel center plug, and is the second bi-metallic coin issued by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, after the 10 peso coin of the New Design/BSP series.
Spanish-American coins minted to the currency system of 8 reales = 1 peso were brought over by the Manila galleons between the 16th and 19th centuries. The first coins brought over were odd-shaped silver cobs called macuquinas or hilis-kalamay. They were then succeeded starting 1726 by the famous columnarios (silver pillar dollars) or dos mundos.
The matrix is an "original die": indeed it has its design in the same sense as a die.The design is incised into the matrix, which is used to create punches.The creation of a matrix addresses the basic problem for the coinage of multiplying dies, i.e. having enough accurate copies of dies to produce long runs of essentially identical coins.
The ten-sentimo coin (10¢) coin is a denomination of the Philippine peso. It was the oldest denomination under 1 peso in the country's circulation, having been introduced in 1880 during the Spanish rule of the islands until it stopped being minted in 2017. The denomination remains legal tender until the demonetization of the BSP Coin Series.