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Cerebral infarction, also known as an ischemic stroke, is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the brain (cerebral infarct). [1] In mid to high income countries, a stroke is the main reason for disability among people and the 2nd cause of death. [ 2 ]
Other common symptoms are a pulsing noise in the head, progressive weakness, numbness and vision changes as well as debilitating, excruciating pain. [4] [5] In serious cases, blood vessels rupture and cause bleeding within the brain (intracranial hemorrhage). [a] In more than half of patients with AVM, this is the first symptom. [7]
Middle cerebral artery syndrome is a condition whereby the blood supply from the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is restricted, leading to a reduction of the function of the portions of the brain supplied by that vessel: the lateral aspects of frontal, temporal and parietal lobes, the corona radiata, globus pallidus, caudate and putamen.
Brain ischemia has been linked to a variety of diseases or abnormalities. Individuals with sickle cell anemia, compressed blood vessels, ventricular tachycardia, plaque buildup in the arteries, blood clots, extremely low blood pressure as a result of heart attack, and congenital heart defects have a higher predisposition to brain ischemia in comparison to the average population.
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy, a disease characterized by deposition of amyloid beta peptides in the walls of the small blood vessels of the brain, leading to weakened blood vessel walls and an increased risk of bleeding; is also an important risk factor for the development of intracerebral hemorrhage.
Intracranial hemorrhage; Axiali CT scan of a spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage: Specialty: Emergency medicine : Symptoms: Same symptoms as ischemic stroke, but unconsciousness, headache, nausea, stiff neck, and seizures are more often in brain hemorrhages than ischemic strokes
Congenital diseases are medical conditions that are present at birth that may be associated with or inherited through genes. [16] Examples of congenital cerebrovascular diseases include arteriovenous malformations, germinal matrix hemorrhage, and CADASIL (cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy). [9]
Right hemisphere brain damage (RHD) is the result of injury to the right cerebral hemisphere. [1] The right hemisphere of the brain coordinates tasks for functional communication, which include problem solving, memory, and reasoning. [1] Deficits caused by right hemisphere brain damage vary depending on the location of the damage. [2]