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Tsutomu Ohshima (大島 劼, Ōshima Tsutomu, born August 6, 1930) is a prominent Japanese master of Shotokan karate who founded the organization Shotokan Karate of America (SKA). [1] He is the Shihan (Chief Instructor) of the SKA, and to this day holds the rank of 5th dan , which was awarded to him by Gichin Funakoshi . [ 1 ]
Designed by Kenji Ogata the monument features calligraphy by Funakoshi and Sōgen Asahina (1891–1979), chief priest of the temple which reads Karate ni sente nashi (There is no first attack in karate), the second of Funakoshi's Twenty Precepts. To the right of Funakoshi's precept is a copy of the poem he wrote on his way to Japan in 1922.
Urdu literature (Urdu: ادبیاتِ اُردُو, “Adbiyāt-i Urdū”) comprises the literary works, written in the Urdu language. While it tends to be dominated by poetry , especially the verse forms of the ghazal ( غزل ) and nazm ( نظم ), it has expanded into other styles of writing, including that of the short story, or afsana ...
Gichin Funakoshi laid out the Twenty Precepts of Karate [7] (or Niju kun [8]), which form the foundations of the art, before some of his students established the Japan Karate Association (JKA). Within these twenty principles, based heavily on bushido and Zen , lies the philosophy of Shotokan.
Masatoshi Nakayama (中山 正敏, Nakayama Masatoshi, April 13, 1913 – April 15, 1987) was an internationally famous Japanese master of Shotokan karate. [1] [2] [3] He helped establish the Japan Karate Association (JKA) in 1949, [4] and wrote many textbooks on karate, which served to popularize his martial art.
However, some karate schools use protective gear in free sparring, so that strikes can be delivered closer to their full power. Most karate clubs and most styles of karate combine some controlled full-contact sparring and some sparring with protective gear (from gloves to feet pads and up to full head and even chest guards such as in taekwondo).
In October 1998, the Nihon Karate-do Shotokai invited Harada back to Tokyo to demonstrate his art as part of Shotokan karate's 60th anniversary celebration, and he and a selection of his top students did so. [10] In 2007, Queen Elizabeth II appointed Harada as a Member of the Order of the British Empire for his services to karate. [10]
Yasuhiro Konishi (小西康裕, Konishi Yasuhiro, 1893 - 1983) was one of the first karateka to teach karate on mainland Japan. He was instrumental in developing modern karate, as well as a driving force in the art's acceptance in Japan. He is credited with developing the style known as Shindō jinen-ryū (神道自然流).