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This list of computer size categories attempts to list commonly used categories of computer by the physical size of the device and its chassis or case, in descending order of size. One generation's "supercomputer" is the next generation's "mainframe", and a "PDA" does not have the same set of functions as a "laptop", but the list still has ...
Most computers also have an external data bus to connect peripheral devices to the motherboard. Most commonly, Universal Serial Bus (USB) is used. [ 63 ] Unlike the internal bus, the external bus is connected using a bus controller that allows the peripheral system to operate at a different speed from the CPU. [ 63 ]
The hardware may have a limited number of address bus bits, limited by the processor package or design of the system. Some of the address space may be shared between RAM, peripherals, and read-only memory. In the case of a microcontroller with no external RAM, the size of the RAM array is limited by the size of the integrated circuit die. In a ...
If needed, contents of the computer memory can be transferred to storage; a common way of doing this is through a memory management technique called virtual memory. Modern computer memory is implemented as semiconductor memory, [5] [6] where data is stored within memory cells built from MOS transistors and other components on an integrated ...
If graphics cards have different sizes of memory, the lowest value will be used, with the higher values disregarded. Currently, scaling on consumer-grade cards can be done using up to four cards. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] [ 25 ] The use of four cards requires a large motherboard with a proper configuration.
Most towers have empty space where users can add additional components. External devices such as a computer monitor or visual display unit, keyboard, and a pointing device are usually found in a personal computer. The motherboard connects all processor, memory and peripheral devices
A technology consisting of computer components and recording media used to retain digital data. It is a core function and fundamental component of computers. [1] device memory local memory associated with a hardware device such as a graphics processing unit or OpenCL compute device, distinct from main memory. Digital Video Disc (DVD)
Inside a gaming case during gameplay. 360° photograph. A full tower case. Accessories shown include: a fan controller, a DVD burner, and a USB memory card reader.. Cases can come in many different sizes and shapes, which are usually determined by the form factor of the motherboard since it is physically the largest hardware component in most computers. Consequently, personal computer form ...