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In addition to the types of impacts, economic impact analyses often estimate the sources of the impacts. Each impact can be decomposed into different components, depending on the effect that caused the impact. Direct effects are the results of the money initially spent in the study region by the business or organization being studied. This ...
The study found that in 2022 nonprofits in the Cincinnati area had a direct economic output of $1.4 billion and an additional indirect economic output of $1.5 billion, through which 17,020 ...
Indirect economic impacts (the supply chain, investment, and government collective) account for 50.7 percent of the total GDP contribution from travel and tourism in 2014. [5] Induced spending, which is the re-circulation of a tourist dollar within a community, is another way that tourism indirectly has an impact on a community. [9]
The cost of conflict methodology takes into account different costs a conflict generates, including economic, military, environmental, social, and political costs.The approach considers direct costs of conflict, for instance, human deaths, expenses, destruction of land and physical infrastructure; as well as indirect costs that impact a society, for instance, migration, humiliation, the growth ...
NIH spent $35 billion in fiscal year 2023 on 50,000 grants to 300,000 researchers at more than 2,500 medical school or research institutions with $26 billion going to direct research costs and $9 ...
It quantifies the interrelationships among sectors of an economic system, enabling identification of direct and indirect economic inputs of purchases. This concept was extended by including data about environmental and energy analysis from each sector to account for supply chain environmental implications of economic activity. [1]
The IMPLAN input-output model is a quantitative economic software, technique, or data that facilitates analysis of spending. [1] This analytic tool, created by the U.S. Forest Service and the University of Minnesota, uses the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) input-output criterion combined with other data to compile tables that identify cash flows between different sectors of the economy.
Subsidies come in various forms including: direct (cash grants, interest-free loans) and indirect (tax breaks, insurance, low-interest loans, accelerated depreciation, rent rebates). [5] [6] Furthermore, they can be broad or narrow, legal or illegal, ethical or unethical. The most common forms of subsidies are those to the producer or the consumer.