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Unlike undersized cats of normal proportions (such as Toy and Teacup Persians), [6] dwarf cats suffer from a genetic mutation called pseudoachondroplasia (dwarfism without enlarged heads), a type of osteochondrodysplasia (bone and cartilage disorder). These genetic disorders of bone and cartilage are typically manifested as abnormal bone shape ...
Hip dysplasia is an abnormality of the hip joint where the socket portion does not fully cover the ball portion, resulting in an increased risk for joint dislocation. [4] Hip dysplasia may occur at birth or develop in early life. [4] Regardless, it does not typically produce symptoms in babies less than a year old. [5]
Cat genetics describes the study of inheritance as it occurs in domestic cats. In feline husbandry, it can predict established traits ( phenotypes ) of the offspring of particular crosses. In medical genetics , cat models are occasionally used to discover the function of homologous human disease genes.
The most common example of metaplasia is Barrett's esophagus, when the non-keratinizing squamous epithelium of the esophagus undergoes metaplasia to become mucinous columnar cells, ultimately protecting the esophagus from acid reflux originating in the stomach. If stress persists, metaplasia can progress to dysplasia and eventually carcinoma ...
Micrograph showing apocrine metaplasia of the breast with typical features [3] H&E stain. Barrett's esophagus is an abnormal change in the cells of the lower esophagus, thought to be caused by damage from chronic stomach acid exposure. The following table lists some common tissues susceptible to metaplasia, and the stimuli that can cause the ...
A squitten with foreleg micromelia sitting in upright posture, showing short forelimbs. The term squitten is generally used to refer to cats with the condition radial hypoplasia (underdeveloped radius bones) or foreleg micromelia (small forelegs) and related conditions known as radial aplasia (absent radius bones), radial agenesis (failure of radius bones to form) that produces stunted forelegs.
Cats living in a smoker's household are three times more likely to develop lymphoma. [20] Compared to living in a smoke-free environment, cats exposed to passive smoking also have a greater chance of developing squamous cell carcinoma or mouth cancer. Cancer risk also arises from the cat's grooming habits.
Dysplasia (change in cell or tissue phenotype) Hyperplasia (proliferation of cells) Hypoplasia (congenital below-average number of cells, especially when inadequate) Metaplasia (conversion in cell type) Neoplasia (abnormal proliferation) Prosoplasia (development of new cell function) Abiotrophy (loss in vitality of organ or tissue)