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An alpha privative or, rarely, [1] privative a (from Latin alpha prīvātīvum, from Ancient Greek α στερητικόν) is the prefix a-or an-(before vowels) that is used in Indo-European languages such as Sanskrit and Greek and in words borrowed therefrom to express negation or absence, for example the English words of Greek origin atypical, anesthetic, and analgesic.
Meaning Origin language and etymology Example(s) -iasis: condition, formation, or presence of Latin -iasis, pathological condition or process; from Greek ἴασις (íasis), cure, repair, mend mydriasis: iatr(o)-of or pertaining to medicine or a physician (uncommon as a prefix but common as a suffix; see -iatry)
a-, called alpha privative, from Ancient Greek ἀ-, ἀν-, from Proto-Hellenic *ə-; e.g. apathetic, abiogenesis. These all stem from a PIE syllabic nasal privative *n̥-, the zero ablaut grade of the negation *ne, i.e. "n" used as a vowel, as in some English pronunciations of "button". This is the source of the 'n' in 'an-' privative ...
"SC" can be mistaken for "SL," meaning sublingual. See also SQ: sem. semen seed s.i.d. semel in die: once a day used exclusively in veterinary medicine sig. signa, signetur: write (write on the label) s̄ sine: without (usually written with a bar on top of the s) sing. singulorum: of each SL, s.l. sub lingua: sublingually, under the tongue SOB
Pronunciation follows convention outside the medical field, in which acronyms are generally pronounced as if they were a word (JAMA, SIDS), initialisms are generally pronounced as individual letters (DNA, SSRI), and abbreviations generally use the expansion (soln. = "solution", sup. = "superior").
extended alpha-fetoprotein XR: extended release (see time release technology) x-ray (see radiography) XRT: ... Add languages ...
A main target of PEA is proposed to be the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α). [3] [4] PEA also has affinity to cannabinoid-like G-coupled receptors GPR55 and GPR119. [5] PEA cannot strictly be considered a classic endocannabinoid because it lacks affinity for the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2. [6]
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, also known as HIF-1-alpha, is a subunit of a heterodimeric transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 that is encoded by the HIF1A gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2019 was awarded for the discovery of HIF.