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Occipital epilepsy is a neurological disorder that arises from excessive neural activity in the occipital lobe of the brain that may or may not be symptomatic. Occipital lobe epilepsy is fairly rare, and may sometimes be misdiagnosed as migraine when symptomatic.
Occipital lobe epilepsy is a rarer type of epilepsy where it accounts for 5% to 10% of all epileptic seizures equally affecting all genders. It often begins early in childhood between the ages of 5 to 7 years old but can develop at any age.
Seizures arising in the occipital lobe are characterized by focal sensory visual seizures that are subjective experiences, leading to difficulty in diagnosis in young children. Oculomotor features may also occur such as forced eye closure, eyelid fluttering, eye deviation and nystagmus.
Idiopathic occipital lobe epilepsy (IOLE), initially described by Gastaut (Gastaut 1982), has been classified under the idiopathic focal epilepsy syndromes, which has two types: early onset childhood epilepsy with occipital spikes (Panayiotopoulos type or Panayiotopoulos syndrome) and late onset childhood epilepsy with occipital spikes (Gastaut ...
Occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE) refers to an uncommon condition in which seizures originate in the back of the brain. OLE seizures have been associated with experiencing blurry or loss of vision, visual hallucinations (e.g., witnessing the appearance of light), and repetitive, uncontrolled eye movements (Chen et al., 2017; Rehman, 2023).
Occipital epilepsy is characterized by occipital seizures originating from an epileptic focus within the occipital lobes. Epidemiology. Occipital epilepsy comprises approximately 5 - 10% of all epilepsies. In reported demographic studies, the prevalence is 6%, comparable to the 5% seen among neurosurgical series.
Benign occipital seizures are classified as an occipital onset epilepsy syndrome, which occurs in children with normal developmental milestones, normal general and neurological examination, and without any structural abnormalities in the brain. These seizures are limited to childhood-onset only.