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Louis Pasteur ForMemRS (/ ˈ l uː i p æ ˈ s t ɜːr /, French: [lwi pastœʁ] ⓘ; 27 December 1822 – 28 September 1895) was a French chemist, pharmacist, and microbiologist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation, and pasteurization, the last of which was named after him.
Major contributions to the science of microbiology (as a discipline in its modern sense) have spanned the time from the mid-17th century month by month to the present day. The following is a list of notable microbiologists who have made significant contributions to the study of microorganisms .
Until the late 19th century, physicians rejected the connection between Louis Pasteur's germ theory that bacteria caused diseases and antiseptic techniques. [10] At the end of the 19th century, Joseph Lister and his followers expanded the term "antisepsis" and coined "asepsis", with the justification that Lister had initially "suggested ...
One of the chemical processes that Pasteur studied was the fermentation of sugar into lactic acid, as occurs in the souring of milk. In an 1857 experiment, Pasteur was able to isolate microorganisms present in lactic acid ferment after the chemical process had taken place. [9] Pasteur then cultivated the microorganisms in a culture with his ...
The first culture media was liquid media, designed by Louis Pasteur in 1860. [2] This was used in the laboratory until Robert Koch's development of solid media in 1881. [3] Koch's method of using a flat plate for his solid media was replaced by Julius Richard Petri's round box in 1887. [2]
The contents of the flask thus remain free of microbes, a property showcased by French microbiologist Louis Pasteur in nineteenth century experiments used to support germ theory as the cause of fermentation over spontaneous generation from bad air . [1] [2] [3] Bottle en col de cygne (Swan neck bottle) used by Louis Pasteur
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Along with his contemporary Robert Koch, Pasteur was an early advocate of the germ theory of disease. [16] Between 1880 and 1881 Pasteur produced two successful vaccinations for animals against diseases caused by bacteria. The importance of bacteria was recognized as it led to a study of disease prevention and treatment of diseases by vaccines.