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The early Athenian tradition, followed by the 3rd century BC Parian Chronicle, made Cecrops, a mythical half-man half-serpent, the first king of Athens. [5] The dates for the following kings were conjectured centuries later, by historians of the Hellenistic era who tried to backdate events by cross-referencing earlier sources such as the Parian Chronicle.
Athens is one of the oldest named cities in the world, having been continuously inhabited for perhaps 5,000 years. Situated in southern Europe, Athens became the leading city of ancient Greece in the first millennium BC, and its cultural achievements during the 5th century BC laid the foundations of Western civilization.
Codrus (/ ˈ k ɒ d r ə s /; [1] or / ˈ k oʊ d r ə s /; [2] Greek: Κόδρος, Kódros) was the last of the semi-mythical Kings of Athens (r. ca 1089–1068 BC). He was an ancient exemplar of patriotism and self-sacrifice. [3] He was succeeded by his son Medon, who it is claimed ruled not as king but as the first Archon of Athens.
Plato's Academy mosaic – from the Villa of T. Siminius Stephanus in Pompeii.. The Academy (Ancient Greek: Ἀκαδημία, romanized: Akadēmía), variously known as Plato's Academy, the Platonic Academy, and the Academic School, [citation needed] was founded at Athens by Plato circa 387 BC.
Detail from Raphael's The School of Athens (1509–1511) The Lyceum (Ancient Greek: Λύκειον, romanized: Lykeion) was a temple in Athens dedicated to Apollo Lyceus ("Apollo the wolf-god" [1]). It was best known for the Peripatetic school of philosophy founded there by Aristotle in 334 BC.
Ancient Greek critics of Athenian democracy include Thucydides the general and historian, Aristophanes the playwright, Plato the pupil of Socrates, Aristotle the pupil of Plato, and a writer known as the Old Oligarch. While modern critics are more likely to find fault with the restrictive qualifications for political involvement, these ancients ...
The city of Athens (Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι, Athênai [a.tʰɛ̂ː.nai̯]; Modern Greek: Αθήναι, Athine [a.ˈθi.ne̞] or, more commonly and in singular, Αθήνα, Athina [a.'θi.na]) during the classical period of ancient Greece (480–323 BC) [1] was the major urban centre of the notable polis of the same name, located in Attica ...
Roman bust of Demetrius, c. 1st century BC, after a Greek original Demetrius of Phalerum (also Demetrius of Phaleron or Demetrius Phalereus; Ancient Greek: Δημήτριος ὁ Φαληρεύς; c. 350 – c. 280 BC [1]) was an Athenian orator originally from Phalerum, an ancient port of Athens.