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[6] [1] The experiment attempts to assess the subject's spatial reasoning. The subject is shown an upright bottle or glass with a water level marked, then shown pictures of the container tilted at different angles without the level marked and asked to mark where the water level would be.
The complementary process that involves increase in quantities of cellular components is called upregulation. [1] An example of downregulation is the cellular decrease in the expression of a specific receptor in response to its increased activation by a molecule, such as a hormone or neurotransmitter, which reduces the cell's sensitivity to the ...
Inhibitory control, also known as response inhibition, is a cognitive process – and, more specifically, an executive function – that permits an individual to inhibit their impulses and natural, habitual, or dominant behavioral responses to stimuli (a.k.a. prepotent responses) in order to select a more appropriate behavior that is consistent with completing their goals.
These examples all use an arbitrary mapping between the stimulus and the response. Another possibility is to use a natural mapping, with arrows as stimuli. For example, Kopp et al. (1994) [6] used left and right arrows, with flanker stimuli above and below the target. The flankers could be arrows pointing in the same direction as the target ...
"Behavioral sink" is a term invented by ethologist John B. Calhoun to describe a collapse in behavior that can result from overpopulation.The term and concept derive from a series of over-population experiments Calhoun conducted on Norway rats between 1958 and 1962. [1]
The Crespi effect is a behavioural contrast phenomenon observed in classical conditioning in which a conditioned response changes disproportionately to a suddenly changed reinforcement.
In his research into the name-letter effect, Belgian experimental psychologist Jozef Nuttin created a yoked control design in which two subjects evaluated the same letters, separately. Some of the letters belonged to one subject's name, and some of the letters belonged to the other subject's name, while some were random.
An example water jar puzzle. The water jar test, first described in Abraham S. Luchins' 1942 classic experiment, [1] is a commonly cited example of an Einstellung situation. . The experiment's participants were given the following problem: there are 3 water jars, each with the capacity to hold a different, fixed amount of water; the subject must figure out how to measure a certain amount of ...