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A pregnancy may end in a live birth, a miscarriage, an induced abortion, or a stillbirth. Childbirth typically occurs around 40 weeks from the start of the last menstrual period (LMP), a span known as the gestational age. [4] [5] This is just over nine months. Counting by fertilization age, the length is about 38 weeks.
The mean pregnancy length has been estimated to be 283.4 days of gestational age as timed from the first day of the last menstrual period and 280.6 days when retrospectively estimated by obstetric ultrasound measurement of the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) in the second trimester. [12]
Diagram showing crown-rump length by gestational age. The blue line is the mean and the green area delimits the 3rd versus the 97th percentile. [1] Ultrasound image of the foetus at 12 weeks of pregnancy in a sagittal scan.
There is a positive relationship between mass at birth and length of gestation in eutherian mammals. [17] Larger mammals are more likely to produce a well-developed neonate than small mammals. Large mammals develop at an absolute slower rate compared to small mammals.
The fetus reaches a length of about 40–48 cm (16–19 in). The fetus weighs about 2.5 to 3 kg (6 lb 10 oz)to 6 lb 12 oz). Lanugo begins to disappear. Body fat increases. Fingernails reach the end of the fingertips. A baby born at 36 weeks has a high chance of survival, but may require medical interventions. Fetus at 38 weeks after fertilization.
Human pregnancy can be divided into three trimesters, each approximately three months long: the first, second, and third trimester. The first trimester is from the last menstrual period through the 13th week, the second trimester is 14th–28/29th week, and the third trimester is 29/30th–42nd week. [ 6 ]
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