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Biblical literalism or biblicism is a term used differently by different authors concerning biblical interpretation.It can equate to the dictionary definition of literalism: "adherence to the exact letter or the literal sense", [1] where literal means "in accordance with, involving, or being the primary or strict meaning of the word or words; not figurative or metaphorical".
In Judaism, bible hermeneutics notably uses midrash, a Jewish method of interpreting the Hebrew Bible and the rules which structure the Jewish laws. [1] The early allegorizing trait in the interpretation of the Hebrew Bible figures prominently in the massive oeuvre of a prominent Hellenized Jew of Alexandria, Philo Judaeus, whose allegorical reading of the Septuagint synthesized the ...
Biblical hermeneutics is the study of the principles of interpretation concerning the books of the Bible.It is part of the broader field of hermeneutics, which involves the study of principles of interpretation, both theory and methodology, for all forms of communication, nonverbal and verbal. [1]
Peshat (also P'shat, פשט ) is one of the two classic methods of Jewish biblical exegesis, the other being Derash.While Peshat is commonly defined as referring to the surface or literal (direct) meaning of a text, [1] or "the plain literal meaning of the verse, the meaning which its author intended to convey", [2] numerous scholars and rabbis have debated this for centuries, giving Peshat ...
There is also the literal, allusion-based and anagogical meanings of the text which are referred to as "Peshat", "Remez" and "Derash" respectively. When the 4th category is added, the acrostic forms the four-fold exegetical method called PaRDeS (" Paradise ") which can be achieved once one understands the Torah in all four modes of interpretation.
Allegorical interpretation of the Bible is an interpretive method that assumes that the Bible has various levels of meaning and tends to focus on the spiritual sense, which includes the allegorical sense, the moral (or tropological) sense, and the anagogical sense, as opposed to the literal sense.
Each type of Pardes interpretation examines the extended meaning of a text. As a general rule, the extended meaning never contradicts the base meaning. [8] The Peshat means the plain or contextual meaning of the text. Remez is the allegorical meaning. Derash includes the metaphorical meaning, and Sod represents the hidden meaning. There is ...
It contains three types of commentary: (1) the p'shat, which discusses the literal meaning of the text; this has been adapted from the first five volumes of the JPS Bible Commentary; (2) the d'rash, which draws on Talmudic, Medieval, Chassidic, and Modern Jewish sources to expound on the deeper meaning of the text; and (3) the halacha l'maaseh ...