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The National Army, sometimes unofficially referred to as the Free State Army or the Regulars, was the army of the Irish Free State from January 1922 until October 1924. Its role in this period was defined by its service in the Irish Civil War , in defence of the institutions established by the Anglo-Irish Treaty .
A Free State column also dispersed anti-Treaty IRA forces in County Donegal in Ireland's north-west. [17] The largest seaborne landings took place in the south. Ships disembarked about 2,000 well equipped Free State troops into the heart of the "Munster Republic" and caused the rapid collapse of the Republican position in this province.
The Irish Free State (6 December 1922 – 29 December 1937), also known by its Irish name Saorstát Éireann (English: / ˌ s ɛər s t ɑː t ˈ ɛər ə n / SAIR-staht AIR-ən, [4] Irish: [ˈsˠiːɾˠsˠt̪ˠaːt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]), was a state established in December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921.
Free Stater, or pro-Treatyite, [1] were terms, often used by opponents, to describe those in Ireland who supported the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 that led to the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922. [2] The pro-Treaty side included members of the Old IRA who had fought the British during the recent Irish War of Independence.
The Irish Free State was a constitutional monarchy, initially one of the dominions within the British Empire (later the Commonwealth of Nations), whose monarch had the same title in all parts of the Empire and its territories, and the Free State government was sometimes officially referred to as 'His Majesty's Government in the Irish Free State'.
The new office was not named in the treaty, but the committee charged with drawing up the Free State constitution, under General Michael Collins, decided, after considering a number of names, including "Commissioner of the British Commonwealth" [4] and "President of Ireland", [5] that the representative would bear the title of "Governor-General ...
On 31 January 1922, a former IRA unit (the Dublin Guard) assumed its new role as the first unit of the new National Army and took over Beggars Bush Barracks, the first British barracks to be handed to the new Irish Free State. The National Army's first Commander-in-Chief, Michael Collins, envisaged the new Army being built around the pre ...
The barracks were taken over by the Irish Republican Army in February 1922 and then secured by the forces of the Free State in August 1922 during the Irish Civil War. [ 1 ] The barracks played a role in one of the most infamous incidents of the war, namely the Ballyseedy massacre .