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Performance was significantly improved, allowing JET to set many records in terms of confinement time, temperature and fusion triple product. In 1997, JET set the record for the closest approach to scientific breakeven. It attained Q = 0.67, producing 16 MW of fusion energy while injecting 24 MW of thermal power to heat the fuel, [26] a record ...
JT-60 (short for Japan Torus-60) is a large research tokamak, the flagship of the Japanese National Institute for Quantum Science and Technology's fusion energy directorate. As of 2023 the device is known as JT-60SA and is the largest operational superconducting tokamak in the world, [ 1 ] built and operated jointly by the European Union and ...
The Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE) is the UK's national laboratory for fusion research.It is located at the Culham Science Centre, near Culham, Oxfordshire, and is the site of the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) and the now closed Joint European Torus (JET) and Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak (START).
These machines, notably the Joint European Torus (JET) and Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR), had the explicit goal of reaching breakeven. Instead, these machines demonstrated new problems that limited their performance. Solving these would require a much larger and more expensive machine, beyond the abilities of any one country.
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The current record for highest Q in a tokamak (as recorded during actual D-T fusion) was set by JET at Q = 0.67 in 1997. The record for Q ext (the theoretical Q value of D-T fusion as extrapolated from D-D results) in a tokamak is held by JT-60, with Q ext = 1.25, slightly besting JET's earlier Q ext = 1.14.
TFTR (Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor) [10] Shut down: 1980–1982: 1982–1997: Princeton: Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory: 2.4 m / 0.8 m: 5.9 T: 3 MA: Attempted scientific break-even, reached record fusion power of 10.7 MW and temperature of 510 MK: Tokamak de Varennes (TdeV) Shut down? 1983–1997: Montreal: National Research Council Canada ...
The current record of fusion power generated by MCF devices is held by JET. In 1997, JET set the record of 16 megawatts of transient fusion power with a gain factor of Q = 0.62 and 4 megawatts steady state fusion power with Q = 0.18 for 4 seconds. [3] In 2021, JET sustained Q = 0.33 for 5 seconds and produced 59 megajoules of energy, beating ...