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Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ, lowercase Greek kappa) is a statistic that is used to measure inter-rater reliability (and also intra-rater reliability) for qualitative (categorical) items. [1] It is generally thought to be a more robust measure than simple percent agreement calculation, as κ takes into account the possibility of the agreement ...
Kappa can only achieve very high values when both agreement is good and the rate of the target condition is near 50% (because it includes the base rate in the calculation of joint probabilities). Several authorities have offered "rules of thumb" for interpreting the level of agreement, many of which agree in the gist even though the words are ...
Fleiss' kappa is a generalisation of Scott's pi statistic, [2] a statistical measure of inter-rater reliability. [3] It is also related to Cohen's kappa statistic and Youden's J statistic which may be more appropriate in certain instances. [4]
where K is the number of data values per group, ... Alternative measures such as Cohen's kappa statistic, the Fleiss kappa, and the concordance correlation ...
The Rademacher distribution, which takes value 1 with probability 1/2 and value −1 with probability 1/2. The binomial distribution , which describes the number of successes in a series of independent Yes/No experiments all with the same probability of success.
Mathematics and statistics. In graph theory, the connectivity of a graph is given by κ. In differential geometry, the curvature of a curve is given by κ. In linear algebra, the condition number of a matrix is given by κ. Kappa statistics such as Cohen's kappa and Fleiss' kappa are methods for calculating inter-rater reliability. Physics
When the true prevalences for the two positive variables are equal as assumed in Fleiss kappa and F-score, that is the number of positive predictions matches the number of positive classes in the dichotomous (two class) case, the different kappa and correlation measure collapse to identity with Youden's J, and recall, precision and F-score are ...
Krippendorff's alpha coefficient, [1] named after academic Klaus Krippendorff, is a statistical measure of the agreement achieved when coding a set of units of analysis.. Since the 1970s, alpha has been used in content analysis where textual units are categorized by trained readers, in counseling and survey research where experts code open-ended interview data into analyzable terms, in ...