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Lipid peroxidation, or lipid oxidation, is a complex chemical process that leads to oxidative degradation of lipids, [1] resulting in the formation of peroxide and hydroperoxide derivatives. [2] It occurs when free radicals , specifically reactive oxygen species (ROS), interact with lipids within cell membranes , typically polyunsaturated fatty ...
Unlike catabolic oxidation of drugs, or oxidative damage to DNA or proteins (which occurs stoichiometrically), oxidation of PUFAs is particularly pernicious, proceeding through a non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation chain reaction (LPO), whereby a single ROS species can initiate a runaway autoxidation process that does not need any additional ROS ...
Oxidative stability is a measure of oil or fat resistance to oxidation. Because the process takes place through a chain reaction, the oxidation reaction has a period when it is relatively slow, before it suddenly speeds up. The time for this to happen is called the "induction time", and it is repeatable under identical conditions (temperature ...
It has been claimed [by whom?] that the α-tocopherol form is the most important lipid-soluble antioxidant, and that it protects membranes from oxidation by reacting with lipid radicals produced in the lipid peroxidation chain reaction. [81] [84] This removes the free radical intermediates and prevents the propagation reaction from continuing.
The antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) belongs to the family of glutathione peroxidases, which consists of 8 known mammalian isoenzymes (GPX1–8).GPX4 catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, organic hydroperoxides, and lipid peroxides at the expense of reduced glutathione and functions in the protection of cells against oxidative stress.
Cholesterol levels also vary by race and type of cholesterol, though more research is needed to explain why. As a group, non-Hispanic whites are more likely than others to have high total ...
Therefore, the reduction of oxygen and its replacement with other gases can reduce or delay oxidation reactions and microbiological spoilage. Oxygen scavengers may also be used to reduce browning due to lipid oxidation by halting the auto-oxidative chemical process. Besides, MAP changes the gaseous atmosphere by incorporating different ...
2. Excessive Stress. Stress is a natural, normal part of the human experience, and your body knows how to handle it. When you’re under stress, your body releases stress hormones that activate ...