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Mean inter-particle distance (or mean inter-particle separation) is the mean distance between microscopic particles (usually atoms or molecules) in a macroscopic body.
The Lennard-Jones potential is a simple model that still manages to describe the essential features of interactions between simple atoms and molecules: Two interacting particles repel each other at very close distance, attract each other at moderate distance, and eventually stop interacting at infinite distance, as shown in the Figure.
We can take the average interparticle spacing in the gas to be approximately (V/N) 1/3 where V is the volume and N is the number of particles. When the thermal de Broglie wavelength is much smaller than the interparticle distance, the gas can be considered to be a classical or Maxwell–Boltzmann gas.
where is the depth of the potential well and is the distance at which the potential crosses zero. The attractive term proportional to 1 / r 6 {\displaystyle \textstyle 1/r^{6}} in the potential comes from the scaling of van der Waals forces , while the 1 / r 12 {\displaystyle \textstyle 1/r^{12}} repulsive term is much more approximate ...
When examining a system computationally one may be interested in knowing how the free energy changes as a function of some inter- or intramolecular coordinate (such as the distance between two atoms or a torsional angle). The free energy surface along the chosen coordinate is referred to as the potential of mean force (PMF). If the system of ...
Mean free time; Mean inter-particle distance; Mean radiant temperature; Measure-preserving dynamical system; Measure (physics) ... Motion graphs and derivatives;
In physics, mean free path is the average distance over which a moving particle (such as an atom, a molecule, or a photon) travels before substantially changing its direction or energy (or, in a specific context, other properties), typically as a result of one or more successive collisions with other particles.
The definition of "particle" in relativistic field theory is not self-evident, because if you try to determine the position so that the uncertainty is less than the compton wavelength, the uncertainty in energy is large enough to produce more particles and antiparticles of the same type from the vacuum. This means that the notion of a single ...