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Designated as an American National Standard, the Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC) is a model code developed by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials to govern the installation and inspection of plumbing systems as a means of promoting the public's health, safety and welfare.
The most common plumbing fixtures are: Bathtubs; Bidets; Channel drains; Drinking fountains; Showers; Sinks; Tap (connections for water hoses) . Tapware - an industry term for that sub-category of plumbing fixtures consisting of tap valves, also called water taps (British English) or faucets (American English), and their accessories, such as water spouts and shower heads.
Diaphragm valves (or membrane valves) consists of a valve body with two or more ports, a flexible diaphragm, and a "weir or saddle" or seat upon which the diaphragm closes the valve. The valve body may be constructed from plastic , metal or other materials depending on the intended use.
Permanent start-up, flush and bypass lines; Pipelines and flowlines; Blinds and spectacle blinds; Insulation and heat tracing; Process control instrumentation and designation (names, numbers, unique tag identifiers), including: Valves and their types and identifications (e.g. isolation, shutoff, relief and safety valves, valve interlocks)
Valves are available in several types, based on design and purpose: Gate, plug, or ball valves – Isolation; Globe valve – Throttling; Needle valve – Throttling, usually with high precision but low flow; Butterfly or diaphragm valves – Isolation and throttling; Check valve – Preventing reverse flow (non-return)
A narrow passageway leads from the main water supply into the pressure chamber. It is the narrowness of this passage that meters the flow by slowing repressurizing of the pressure chamber after the action of a flush. The diaphragm technology allows the flush valve to open and let water into the bowl. A main cylinder valve operates up and down.
The Plumbing & Drainage Institute (PDI) is an association of American manufacturers of engineered plumbing drainage specialty products.Such products include floor drains, roof drains, sanitary floor drains, cleanouts, water hammer arresters, swimming pool drains, backwater valves, grease interceptors, fixture supports, and other drainage specialties. [1]
Valves of this type using a cylinder rather than a cone are sometimes encountered, but using a cone allows a tight fit to be made even with moderate manufacturing tolerances. The ball in ball valves rotates within plastic (usually PTFE) seats. Hands free infrared proximity sensors are replacing the standard valve. Thermostatically controlled ...