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In a programming language, an evaluation strategy is a set of rules for evaluating expressions. [1] The term is often used to refer to the more specific notion of a parameter-passing strategy [2] that defines the kind of value that is passed to the function for each parameter (the binding strategy) [3] and whether to evaluate the parameters of a function call, and if so in what order (the ...
In case of call by value, what is passed to the function is the value of the argument – for example, f(2) and a = 2; f(a) are equivalent calls – while in call by reference, with a variable as argument, what is passed is a reference to that variable - even though the syntax for the function call could stay the same. [5]
Values of reference type refer to objects allocated in the heap, whereas values of value type are contained either on the call stack (in the case of local variables and function parameters) or inside their containing entities (in the case of fields of objects and array elements). (With reference types, it is only the reference itself that is ...
In programming language theory, lazy evaluation, or call-by-need, [1] is an evaluation strategy which delays the evaluation of an expression until its value is needed (non-strict evaluation) and which also avoids repeated evaluations (by the use of sharing). [2] [3] The benefits of lazy evaluation include:
A reference to the argument is passed; typically its address: Selectable in most Algol-like languages after Algol 60, such as Algol 68, Pascal, Delphi, Simula, CPL, PL/M, Modula, Oberon, Ada, and many others including C++, Fortran, PL/I by result: The value computed during the call is copied to the argument on return: Ada OUT parameters by ...
In computer programming, a reference is a value that enables a program to indirectly access a particular datum, such as a variable's value or a record, in the computer's memory or in some other storage device. The reference is said to refer to the datum, and accessing the datum is called dereferencing the reference. A reference is distinct from ...
In programming language theory, call-by-push-value (CBPV) is an intermediate language that embeds the call-by-value (CBV) and call-by-name (CBN) evaluation strategies. CBPV is structured as a polarized λ-calculus with two main types, "values" (+) and "computations" (-). [ 1 ]
Options include on the stack, in a register, or reference to something allocated on the heap. How long or complex values are handled, perhaps by splitting across multiple registers, within the stack frame, or with reference to memory. Which registers are guaranteed to have the same value when the callee returns as they did when the callee was ...