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General structure of an amide (specifically, a carboxamide) Formamide, the simplest amide Asparagine (zwitterionic form), an amino acid with a side chain (highlighted) containing an amide group. In organic chemistry, an amide, [1] [2] [3] also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide, is a compound with the general formula R−C(=O)−NR′R ...
Amidines are much more basic than amides and are among the strongest uncharged/unionized bases. [6] [7] Protonation occurs at the sp 2-hybridized nitrogen. This occurs because the positive charge can be delocalized onto both nitrogen atoms. The resulting cationic species is known as an amidinium ion [8] and possesses identical C-N bond lengths.
Amine. In chemistry, amines (/ ə ˈ m iː n, ˈ æ m iː n /, [1] [2] UK also / ˈ eɪ m iː n / [3]) are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.Formally, amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH 3 (in which the bond angle between the nitrogen and hydrogen is 170°), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an ...
Reactions between aldimines and α-methylene carbonyls are also considered Mannich reactions because these imines form between amines and aldehydes. The reaction is named after Carl Mannich. [2] [3] Scheme 1 – Ammonia or an amine reacts with formaldehyde and an alpha acidic proton of a carbonyl compound to a beta amino carbonyl compound.
Another common example is the reaction of a primary amine or secondary amine with a carboxylic acid or with a carboxylic acid derivative to form an amide. This reaction is widely used, especially in the synthesis of peptides. On the simple addition of an amine to a carboxylic acid, a salt of the organic acid and base is obtained.
Most common imides are prepared by heating dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides and ammonia or primary amines. The result is a condensation reaction: [5] (RCO) 2 O + R′NH 2 → (RCO) 2 NR′ + H 2 O. These reactions proceed via the intermediacy of amides. The intramolecular reaction of a carboxylic acid with an amide is far faster than the ...
Structures of three kinds of amides: an organic amide (carboxamide), a sulfonamide, and a phosphoramide. In chemistry, the term amide (/ ˈ æ m aɪ d / or / ˈ æ m ɪ d / or / ˈ eɪ m aɪ d /) [1] [2] [3] is a compound with the functional group R n E(=O) x NR 2, where x is not zero, E is some element, and each R represents an organic group or hydrogen. [4]
Primary amines are usually not used for enamine synthesis due to the preferential formation of the more thermodynamically stable imine species. [11] Methyl ketone self-condensation is a side-reaction which can be avoided through the addition of TiCl 4 [ 12 ] into the reaction mixture (to act as a water scavenger ).