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Commissioned officer ranks up to Oberst featured four-pointed golden stars in increasing number according to seniority, and arranged following the Soviet pattern.. Junior officer (lieutenant and captain ranks) shoulder straps were made of silver satin string (German: Silberplattschnur).
In all three branches of the German armed forces there are three career paths: officers (Offiziere), NCOs (Unteroffiziere, non-commissioned officers) and enlisted soldiers (Mannschaften). Officers are subdivided into Lieutenants (Leutnante), Captains (Hauptleute), Staff Officers (Stabsoffiziere) and Admirals (Admiräle) or Generals (Generäle).
Compulsory military service had been introduced in 1956 in West Germany, one year after the West German military was established, but the GDR held back from this step until 1962. The situation changed when the border was sealed in August 1961, and five months later the government announced a mandatory service term of 18 months for men.
The rank insignia of the Federal Defence Forces (Bundeswehr) indicate rank and branch of service in the German Army (Heer), German Air Force (Luftwaffe), or the German Navy (Marine). They are regulated by the "presidential order on rank designation and military uniform".
Rank comparison chart of all armies and land forces of European states. Officers (OF 1–10) Rank group ... German Army [15. General: Generalleutnant: Generalmajor:
The Land Forces of the National People's Army [2] (German: Landstreitkräfte der Nationalen Volksarmee – LaSK) was the ground-based military branch of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) National People's Army (NPA). The Land Forces Command, located at Geltow, was established on 1 December 1972 as a management body created for the land forces.
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Army general (German: Armeegeneral), was the highest peacetime general officer rank in the so-called armed organs of the GDR (Bewaffnete Organe der DDR ), that is, the Ministry of National Defence, the Stasi, and the Ministry of the Interior. It is comparable to the four-star rank in many NATO armed forces.