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If the data structure is instead viewed as a partition of a set, then the MakeSet operation enlarges the set by adding the new element, and it extends the existing partition by putting the new element into a new subset containing only the new element. In a disjoint-set forest, MakeSet initializes the node's parent pointer and the node's size or ...
In such cases, even though the data has been k-anonymized, the sensitive value for the set of k records may be exactly predicted. Background Knowledge Attack: This attack leverages an association between one or more quasi-identifier attributes with the sensitive attribute to reduce the set of possible values for the sensitive attribute. For ...
A generalization of the notion of a set is that of a multiset or bag, which is similar to a set but allows repeated ("equal") values (duplicates). This is used in two distinct senses: either equal values are considered identical, and are simply counted, or equal values are considered equivalent, and are stored as distinct items. For example ...
Pandas (styled as pandas) is a software library written for the Python programming language for data manipulation and analysis. In particular, it offers data structures and operations for manipulating numerical tables and time series .
There are other estimation techniques other than min/max sketches. The first paper on count-distinct estimation [7] describes the Flajolet–Martin algorithm, a bit pattern sketch. In this case, the elements are hashed into a bit vector and the sketch holds the logical OR of all hashed values.
Disjoint-set data structures [9] and partition refinement [10] are two techniques in computer science for efficiently maintaining partitions of a set subject to, respectively, union operations that merge two sets or refinement operations that split one set into two. A disjoint union may mean one of two things.
A specific record type implies that a specific set of fields are present, but values of that type may contain additional fields. A record with fields x , y , and z would thus belong to the type of records with fields x and y , as would a record with fields x , y , and r .
Let T be the subgroup {I, b}.The (distinct) left cosets of T are: . IT = T = {I, b},; aT = {a, ab}, and; a 2 T = {a 2, a 2 b}.; Since all the elements of G have now appeared in one of these cosets, generating any more can not give new cosets; any new coset would have to have an element in common with one of these and therefore would be identical to one of these cosets.