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2. Doublet–triplet splitting problem - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doublet–triplet_splitting...

   In particle physics, the doublet–triplet (splitting) problem is a problem of some Grand Unified Theories, such as SU(5), SO(10), and . Grand unified theories predict Higgs bosons (doublets of S U ( 2 ) {\displaystyle SU(2)} ) arise from representations of the unified group that contain other states, in particular, states that are triplets of ...

3. Doublet state - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doublet_state

   In quantum mechanics, a doublet is a composite quantum state of a system with an effective spin of 1/2, such that there are two allowed values of the spin component, −1/2 and +1/2. Quantum systems with two possible states are sometimes called two-level systems .

4. Multiplet - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplet

   A spin singlet is a trivial representation, a spin doublet is a fundamental representation and a spin triplet is in the vector representation or adjoint representation. In QCD , quarks are in a multiplet of SU(3) , specifically the three-dimensional fundamental representation.

5. Singlet state - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singlet_state

   The ability of positronium to form both singlet and triplet states is described mathematically by saying that the product of two doublet representations (meaning the electron and positron, which are both spin-1/2 doublets) can be decomposed into the sum of an adjoint representation (the triplet or spin 1 state) and a trivial representation (the ...

6. Triplet state - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triplet_state

   Examples of atoms in singlet, doublet, and triplet states. In quantum mechanics, a triplet state, or spin triplet, is the quantum state of an object such as an electron, atom, or molecule, having a quantum spin S = 1. It has three allowed values of the spin's projection along a given axis m S = −1, 0, or +1, giving the name "triplet".

7. Multiplicity (chemistry) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicity_(chemistry)

   For example, the ground state of a carbon atom is 3 P (Term symbol). The superscript three (read as triplet) indicates that the multiplicity 2S+1 = 3, so that the total spin S = 1. This spin is due to two unpaired electrons, as a result of Hund's rule which favors the single filling of degenerate orbitals. The triplet consists of three states ...

8. Word problem (mathematics education) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_problem_(mathematics...

   Word problem from the Līlāvatī (12th century), with its English translation and solution. In science education, a word problem is a mathematical exercise (such as in a textbook, worksheet, or exam) where significant background information on the problem is presented in ordinary language rather than in mathematical notation.

9. Word problem - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_problem

   Word problem (mathematics education), a type of textbook exercise or exam question to have students apply abstract mathematical concepts to real-world situations; Word problem (mathematics), a decision problem for algebraic identities in mathematics and computer science; Word problem for groups, the problem of recognizing the identity element ...